SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

There are 2 types of reproduction of coral reef. One of them is sexual reproduction.

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

• Corals reproduce sexually by either internal or external fertilization. The reproductive cells are borne on membranes that radiate inward from the layer of tissue that lines the stomach cavity.
• Some corals are hermaphroditic (having both male and female reproductive cells). Others are either male or female. Both sexes can occur in a colony, or a colony may consist of individuals of the same sex.
• Synchronous spawning occurs in many corals. Polyps release eggs and sperm into the water at the same time. Synchronous spawning depends on four factors: time of the year, water temperature, and tidal and lunar cycles. Spawning is most successful when there is little variation between high and low tides. The less water movement over the reef, the better the chance that an egg will be fertilized.
• Once the larva settles on a substrate, it develops into a polyp. Some scientists believe that most larvae settle within 600m of the parent reef. Others contend that some larvae travel longer distances. Research is still ongoing.